nuclear energy -india

Nuclear energy -India

India traveled long way since Dr. Bhabha along with half scientists laid foundation for development of  nuclear energy for peaceful energy needs.

Indian efforts took the country to day stands at the top among nuclear development  countries.

India consciously choose peaceful path of nuclear energy development aimed at technology development. The strategy of our program-me  was based on development of scientists and engineer R&D institutions which grew gradually with development of indigenous know-how in various fields.

While resorting to imports of technology we did so on a selective basis channelized    through R&D base. We took care not only to fully assimilate this technology but to adopt it own conditions and requirement and further diversify and improve open it without resorting  to repeated imports of technology.

In formulating the strategy for nuclear development we take into account that which our uranium reserves are rather limited and our thorium amongst the largest in India.

We continue with development of natural uranium-fuel reactors not only because of our preference for reactor system which can be operated on indigenous resource and technology because the uranium utilization  is more efficient and large quantity of plutonium can be produced in such reactors.

We cannot say any more that India does not have enrichment technology. India has its own technology we can produce enriched uranium. We have not started doing large scale commercially. We require a much large quantities of enriched uranium.

The signing of convention of supplementary compensation for nuclear damage (CSC) by India wrapped the last of its commitment arising from nuclear partnership with U.S. Last few years have been spent in mostly sorting out the legal formalities and procedure issues governing this partnership.

The inking of CSC broadly set all ball rolling for U.S.  reactor vendors to commence actual engagement in India. Now nuclear power corporation of India limited (NPCIL) to commence detailed commercial negotiations with General Electric and Westing House for supply two 1000 M.W. reactors.

Though the liability law was passed last month the American reactor vendors  had  objected section 17 (b) and 46 of civil liability for nuclear damage act,2010 which permit legal action against nuclear supplies if an accident is caused by party or defective equipment.

Today nuclear power plants run once through fuel cycle uranium is mined from earth made into fuel, the fuel is used in a nuclear reactors to make clean electricity, and used fuel is then stored on the site for eventual move to final disposal in geologic respiratory.

Nuclear energy department in India to recycle used fuel so that it can be used as fuel again. The program must advance the state of art of associated with current safety standards reduce long time risk and proliferation of hazard used fuel to maximum extent in practice and ultimately deliver economical electric power to market place.

The program also seeks to reduce the time scale for managing high-level nuclear waste from hundred thousand years.   

India has also done a great amount of work in development of thorium centre fuel cycle. With uranium deposits in the nation are limited ,there are much greater reserves of thorium and it could be provide hundred tons of energy at same mass of fuel. The fact  that thorium can be theoretically be utilized in heavy water reactors has also tied up the development two A type prototype plutonium fuel while irradiating a thorium blanket is under construction Madras Kalpak am atomic power station.
However for the present NPCIL decided to set up light water reactors based on capacity 40,000 M.W. by 2020.

Atomic energy department develop and manage a system for waste  acceptance and transportation and dispose of spent nuclear fuel  from commercial reactors and high level radio active waste from national defense activities. The department is fully committed ensuring that long term storage obligation for nuclear wastes or met.

Department energy is should meet challenge by establishing clean fuel initiatives to make most traditional fossil fuel while investing sustainable sources such as fusion employing hydrogen  which can produce  from diverse domestic sources greatly reduce our dependence on imported oil.

Nuclear future is conducting a comprehensive review policies for managing the back end of nuclear fuel cycle, and will provide recommendation for developing a safe long term solution to managing the nation used fuel and nuclear waste.

Projects that are under consideration /implementation in India.

.. Toshiba-Westing house AP 1000 series reactors.
.. GE-Hitachi ABWR reactor series.
.. Areva-1650 M.W. e  European pressurized  reactors
.. Russia --- WER reactors

These are projected to be deployed at five earmarked coastal sites under proposal.

France has also begun the process of setting up its maiden project at Jaitapur site   in Maharashtra.

Under recent indo -U.S. agreement India and U.S. signed to co-operate in nuclear energy program.

NPCIL should aggressively  develop new sources of nuclear  energy globally  where country like India need energy to meet development overall view .

Nuclear energy is clean source of energy without emitting any carbon emissions.

World  scenario all developed countries as well as developing countries are moving ahead and promoting nuclear energy for urgent energy needs.

It is imperative that the next decade nuclear energy plays important role in global energy needs and most countries searching  clean nuclear energy sources for their vital country energy development needs .